Ousmane Sembène og afrikansk film

Den senegalske forfatter og filmmand Ousmane Sembène fødes 1. januar 1923 og dør 9. juni 2007.
Efter forskellige manuelle jobs og arbejde som strejkeorganisator og fagforeningsmand, fik han gennembrud som forfatter, der skrev om disse erfaringer (på dansk, se Bibliotek.dk).
Efter Senegals uafhængighed i 1960 vendte han tilbage og for at nå et større publikum begyndte han som filmskaber, og gav afrikansk film international anerkendelse.
Se:
 Ousmane Sembene (Postcolonial Studies, Depart. of English at Emory University, Atlanta). Biografisk og politisk intro.

Wikipedia
 Sembène Ousmane (kortere svensk intro)
 Ousmane Sembène (længere på engelsk)
 African cinema

IMDb - The Internet Movie Database
 Ousmane Sembene
 Sembène: The Making of African Cinema (Documentary, 1994)

Against the Current
 Remembrance: Ousmane Sembène, father of African film. Kim D. Hunter interviews Louise M. Jefferson (No.132, January/February)
"The father of African Cinema, the prolific Ousmane Sembène died at the age of 84 in June of 2007."

International Socialism
 The literature of a ravished continent: Achebe, Sembène and Ngugi. By Ken Olende (Issue 115, Summer 2007)
"During the late 1950s and early 1960s a wave of new literature emerged from a defiant Global South. Some of the best came from Africa, then caught up in a range of anti-colonial struggles and the promise of independence."

Jump Cut
 Come Back Africa and South African film history. By Ntongela Masilela (No.36, May 1991)
"The first serious theoretical formulations of the ideology and philosophy of apartheid, which has had horrendous consequences on South African film culture, found expression in mining publications. Apartheid ideology completely shaped the structure of South African films."
 Anglophone African media. By N. Frank Ukadike (No.36, May 1991)
"The story of African cinema offers a lesson in struggle against bureaucratic and economic forces which began in colonial times and reaches into the present."
 Technological paternalism: Sub-Saharan African film production. By Manthia Diawara (No.32, April 1987)
"Not only film production but also distribution in Africa has faced a ruthless and monopolistic exploitation by American, European, and the Indian distribution companies. The film industry in Africa has no government protection ..."
 Women in Sembene’s films. By Gorham H. Kindem and Martha Steele (No.36, May 1991)
"Sembene’s films depict women playing a crucial role in Africa’s development ... Sembene does not uncritically portray women as passive objects of male desire. Unlike in many Hollywood films, female characters in Sembene’s films act as agents of both group solidarity and social change."
 Three faces of Africa: Women in Xala. By Françoise Pfaff (No.27, July 1982)
"This film takes place among Black Africa’s growing middle class, which is doomed to lose its power unless it stops aping the Western world and identifies with the needs and social aspirations of the African masses."

Marxmail.org
 Interview with Ousmane Sembene. By Samba Gadjigo (April 11, 2004)
"After more than three years of work, Ousmane Sembene has just completed the final touches on his feature film Moolaade."
 Ousmane Sembene and his revolutionary images. By Samba Gadjigo (2004)
"From the forthcoming book Ousmane Sembene: The Life of a Revolutionary Artist.

MR Zine
 Ousmane Sembène: the Cineaste who has not finished his mandate: at 84, the Senegalese director continues to shoot films. By Hamid Tahri (28/09/06)

Socialist Review
 Obituary: Ousmane Sembène. By Leo Zeilig (July/August 2007)
"Ousmane Sembène was one of those rare people whose death feels like a personal loss even to those who did not know him. We have lost a great mind."

Socialist Worker
 Ousmane Sembène 1923-2007. By Ken Olende (Issue 2055, 16 June 2007)
"A film maker, novelist and radical from Senegal in West Africa, Ousmane Sembène consistently opposed imperialism."
 Interview with Ousmane Sembène - father of African film (Issue 1955, 11 June 2005)
A "In London to promote his new film, Moolaadé, Senegalese film maker and novelist Ousmane Sembène spoke to Ken Olende and Charlie Kimber."

World Socialist Web Site
 Ousmane Sembène’s Borom Sarret and Black Girl. By Joanne Laurier (17 January 2006)
"Ousmane Sembène, Senegalese author, scenarist and film director, has been making films for over 40 years. New Yorker Video has recently released two of Sembène’s earliest and most remarkable cinematic works on DVD."
 The struggle against superstition in a West African village. By Mile Klindo (27 July 2005)
"Moolaadé is the second movie in a trilogy by 82-year-old Senegalese novelist and filmmaker Ousmane Sembène. It is set in a West African village and dramatises the struggle against the ancient practice of female genital mutilation."

Scene from Moolaadé (2004), directed by Ousmane Sembène